![]() In the descriptions below, the symbol is shown in both its arrow-side and other-side positions. The symbol is a small drawing that represents a simplified cross-section of the weld. This is typically placed near the center of the reference line (and above or below it, depending on which side of the joint it's on). Types of welds and their symbolsĮach welding position has its own basic symbol. It may reference the welding process, electrode or any helpful information that doesn't have a place on the symbol. The tail of the weld symbol is the place for supplementary information on the weld. The open circle at the arrow/reference line junction indicates a weld is to go all around the joint, as in the example below. Older drawings may denote a field weld by a filled black circle at the junction between the arrow and reference line. A weld symbol without a flag indicates that the weld is to be made in the shop. The flag growing out of the junction of the reference line and the arrow is present when completing the weld in the field during erection of the structure. This rule applies regardless of the arrow’s direction. The other side of the joint is known as the other side, and you'll weld according to the instructions found above the reference line. The side of the joint to which the arrow points is known as the arrow side, and that weld's instructions are given below the reference line. The weld symbol distinguishes between the two sides by using the arrow and the spaces above and below the reference line. ![]() For example, when joining two steel plates into a T shape, you may weld on either side of the T. There are often two sides to the joint to which the arrow points, and therefore two potential places for a weld. In the example above, you'll see the arrow growing out of the right end of the reference line and heading down and to the right, but standards allow many other combinations. An arrow connects the reference line to the joint that is to be welded. You'll find instructions for making the weld strung along the reference line. The horizontal line - called the reference line - is the anchor for all welding symbols. American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the American Welding Society (AWS) publish ANSI/AWS A2.4, Symbols for Welding and Nondestructive Testing, which provides a complete set of symbols. Here we will introduce you to the common symbols and their meaning. You will often find these on engineering and fabrication drawings. A set of symbols are shorthand for describing the type of weld, its size, and other processing and finishing information.
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